Filtering apparatus



(No Model.)

No. 506,127. 1 fm1f1tedl oct. s, 1.893.

f f" ,.r" d 'jj- UNTTED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

SAMUEL MILLS MALHIOT, OF ALEMARLE, LOUISIANA.

FILTERING APPARATUS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 506,127, dated`0ctober3, 1893. Application filed March 13, 1893. Serial No. 465.795. (Nomodel.)

To all whom it may con/cern.-

Beit known that I, SAMUEL MILLS MAL- HIOT, a citizen of the UnitedStates, residing at Albemarle, in the parish of Assumption and State ofLouisiana, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inFiltering- Apparatus 5 and I do hereby declare the following to be afull, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enableothers skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use thesame.

This invention relates to that class of devices which are used forfiltering liquids of various kinds, and its object is to provide meanswhereby cane juice and other similar liquids may be rapidly filteredunder pressure.

To this end my invention consists in the construction and combination ofparts forming filtering apparatus, hereinafter described and claimed,reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1,shows a complete system of my filtering apparatus partly in sideelevation and partly in longitudinal vertical section. Fig. 2,represents a top View of a single filter taken at the horizontal line @cFig. 1. Fig. 3, is a top view of a clamping ring.

1 indicates a tank for containing the fluid which is to be filtered.

2 is a pump, and 3 a pipe for carrying the fluid to the filters 4, anynumber of which may be connected with the pipe 3 by branch pipes 5, and6 represents stop cocks in these branches, whereby the liquid may bepermitted to fiow through any branch into its filter, or be stoppedtherefrom. Y

7 represents the nozzles of the branches 5, each closed at its lower endand perforated along its sides to distribute the flow evenly up and downwithin the filtering sack 8. This sack is made tapering from its mouthtoward its bottom, and is secured around the head 9 by means of a rope10 which draws it firmly into a neck 11 in the head 9. The head 9 issecured to a support 12 by any usual means such as the bolts 13, and thepipe 5 passes centrally through the head, terminating, as beforedescribed, in the nozzle 7. In place of the rope 10, l may use aring-shaped clamp 14, shown in Fig. 3, made in two pieces hingedtogether at l5, and provided with a binding screw 16, whereby the clampmay be drawn with great force around the mouth ot' the bag to bind itinto the neck 11. v

17 is a basket placed around the sack and supported upon the head 9 bymeans of screwbolts 18, hinged to swing outward and inward on the basketto engage ears 19 projecting from the sides of the head 9. This basketis preferably made of steel wire, but perforated sheet metal, or anysimilarly strong perforated material would answer the purpose as well,its main object being to prevent bursting the sack by the pressure ofliquid within it by the force pump 2. This basket further serves as abacking upon which the sack is Y supported at all points alike so thatthe filtration through the sack'will be finer and more even than itcould be if the sack were not thus supported.

2O is a trough adapted to receive the filtered liquid as it runs fromany one or all of the filters located above it.

2l is a pipe through which the refuse may be returned fromthe trough 2Oto the tank 1, when the pipes, the filters and the trough are washed outafter service.

22 is a pipe and 23 a stop cock therein to communicate with a steamboiler whereby steam or heated water may be introduced to thin theliquid which is being filtered, whenever it becomes too thick to owwell, and to supply hotwater for washing out the apparatus afterservice.

24 is a pressure gage for indicating to the eye of the operator theamount of resistance which the filters are at any time offering to thefree passage of the liquid, so that he may know when the filtering sacksrequire cleaning.

l vhave arranged the lters in a series upon a single `supply pipe 3 inorder that the filtering operation need not be discontinued for thepurpose of repairing or cleaning any one filter, it being a greatadvantage to proceed continuously in filtering the liquid when it is inproper condition. The filtering sacks 8 and the baskets 17 surroundingthem taper downward in order that the filtered liquid may the morereadily escape.V from the upper regions of the sack without interferingwith the escape below. In filtering fluids like cane juice a residuegathers upon the filter and when the latter is in the form of a bag theIOO residue becomes caked more or less according to the pressure uponthe fluid and the length of time a bag is used continuously, and as longas juice can be pressed through it this residue aids to make thefiltration more perfect. I have therefore formed the bag and baskettapering for the further purpose of lessening the amount of residue atthe lower end where it rst accumulates, so that iuid may still bepressed through it while the upper portion of the bag is being filled,and finally I form the bag and basket tapering in order that the cake ofresidue when firmly pressed may be removed from the basket and bag,without the trouble of digging it to pieces, thus enabling the filter towork longer and do better Work and yet be readily cleaned. Each sack isalso made a very little larger than the basket which is to contain it,in order that the actual pressure Within the sack may be supportedwholly upon the basket instead of straining asit would otherwise do, topart the meshes of the sack and cause bad Vfiltration at that point.Though steel Wire is suggested for the baskets, any otherwire ofsuitable strength to maintain its :form under pressure, or anyperforated sheet metal that would accomplish the same purpose may besubstituted, and for the purposes of the claim this will be called astrong basket.

Some of the advantages of this filter are as follows: Simplicity ofconstruction and consequent economy in first cost and subsequentrepairs; the ease and rapidity with which any one filter may be removedfor repairs or cleaning while the others remain undisturbed inoperation; absolute security against bursting the sacks and thusspoiling a batch of liquid by discharging unfiltered liquid into it; andthe ease with which more filters maybe added at any time to the mainsupply pipe to increase the capacity of the Works, or With which thenumber of ilters in service may at any time be reduced when less Work isrequired to be done.

The advantage of filtering some liquids under pressure is too Well knownto require comment here.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I believe to be new, anddesire to secure by Letters Patent, is the following:

The combiation in filtering apparatus of a head hung upon a support andprovided with projecting ears, and a neck; a supply pipe passing throughthe head and perforated along its sides as a nozzle; a sack around thenozzle and secured to the head by being bound into the neck thereof, anda basket smaller than the sack but surrounding it and provided Withscrew bolts hinged to its sides at the upper endand adapted to removablyengage the ears on the head, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I affix mysignature in presence of two witnesses.

SAMUEL MILLS MALHIOT.

Witnesses:

A. F. TETE, LAWRENCE Il. PUGr-I.

